Introduction of Multicasting :

Multicasting research focuses on the development and optimization of protocols and techniques for efficiently transmitting data from one source to multiple destinations in a network.

IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol) Optimization:

Investigating ways to enhance the efficiency and robustness of IGMP, a protocol used by Routers and hosts to establish  multicast group membersheps.

Overlay Multicast Networks:

Studying the design and performance of overlay networks that Facilitate efficient multicast communication over existing unicast-based infrastructures.

Application-Layer Multicast:

Exploring application-layer multicast solutions that do not rely on specific network  layer protocols, enabling multicast-like communication in non-multicast-enabled networks.

Multicast Routing Algorithms:

Researching and developing routing algorithmse tailored for multicasting, including. source-based, group-based, and  shared-tree approaches.

Scalability and Reliability:

Investigating methods to improve the scalability, and reliability of multicast systems to suppart large- scale deployments and handle pecket loss and network failures gracefully.